14 years later, the effects of the 2008 bailout are still being counted

Spencer Platt // Getty Images It was Monday afternoon in late September 2008 when congressional leaders rejected an initial plan to bail out America’s failing banks, plummeting the Dow Jones Index and wiping a record $1.2 trillion from American businesses. The Great Recession was not just an American crisis but a global one in which developed countries’ interconnected banking systems were stressed simultaneously. World leaders eventually capitulated to calls by U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and others to pump banks with capital to avoid economic collapse. The idea of taxpayers bailing out Wall Street for short-sighted lending practices was wildly unpopular. One Republican congressman referred to the proposal as “a huge cow patty with a piece of marshmallow stuck in the middle of it.” Still, leaders worried the U.S. could plunge into a second Great Depression without action. Packaged with financial support for homeowners and stimulus for automakers meant to prevent job losses, the concept eventually won approval in October 2008 when Congress passed the Troubled Asset Relief Program and former President George W. Bush signed the measure into law. Stacker analyzed data about the 2008 Troubled Asset Relief Program compiled by ProPublica to see which states’ businesses have been the most responsible in paying their loan money 14 years later and found that 34 states have outstanding or failed investments that will not be paid back. TARP was massive in its potential scope, authorizing up to $700 billion in funding, though the Treasury utilized only a fraction. The commitments broke down into $250 billion for banks, $27 billion for credit markets, $82 billion for the automotive industry, $70 billion to support the insurance giant American International Group, and $46 billion to help Americans avoid foreclosure on their homes. Congress later passed legislation lowering the disbursement cap for TARP to $475 billion in 2010 and lost its authority to approve any new bailout commitments that same year. By 2013, the watchdog group overseeing TARP and enforcing its rules pursued charges against 107 senior bank officials alleged to have misused bailout funds, most of whom received prison time, according to an analysis by the Washington Post. In 2016, TARP wound down its investments, including in companies such as AIG, declaring it had recouped disbursements. In total, $635 billion has been distributed; $17 billion are considered lost or a failed investment. Funds that were committed to helping Americans avoid foreclosure and were never meant to be repaid were ongoing up to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which saw the U.S. government issue $800 billion in Paycheck Protection Program loans intended to keep Americans employed–nearly all of which is expected to be forgiven. Read on to see how businesses in your state repaid their funds–or didn’t. You may also like: Famous consumer brands that no longer exist #34. Minnesota Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.03% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $2.2 million (out of $7.4 billion disbursed to Minnesota) – Per capita disbursement: $1,298 with $0.38 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $6.6 billion to U.S. Bancorp #33. Pennsylvania Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.08% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $8.5 million (out of $10.2 billion disbursed to Pennsylvania) – Per capita disbursement: $787 with $0.66 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $7.6 billion to PNC Financial Services #32. Iowa Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.09% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $3.2 million (out of $3.6 billion disbursed to Iowa) – Per capita disbursement: $1,124 with $1.00 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $3.4 billion to Wells Fargo Bank, NA #31. Virginia Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.12% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $89.2 million (out of $75.9 billion disbursed to Virginia) – Per capita disbursement: $8,782 with $10.32 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $71.6 billion to Freddie Mac #30. North Carolina Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.12% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $59.2 million (out of $49.4 billion disbursed to North Carolina) – Per capita disbursement: $4,683 with $5.61 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $45.0 billion to Bank of America You may also like: Most popular department stores in America #29. New Jersey Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.19% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $8.1 million (out of $4.3 billion disbursed to New Jersey) – Per capita disbursement: $465 with $0.88 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $3.2 billion to JPMorgan Chase subsidiaries #28. Kansas Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.19% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $0.3 million (out of $142.4 million disbursed to Kansas) – Per capita disbursement: $49 with $0.09 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $36.3 million to Fidelity Financial Corp #27. Mississippi Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.30% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $2.0 million (out of $665.5 million disbursed to Mississippi) – Per capita disbursement: $226 with $0.68 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $215.0 million to Trustmark Corp #26. Texas Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.31% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $15.9 million (out of $5.2 billion disbursed to Texas) – Per capita disbursement: $176 with $0.54 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $2.3 billion to Comerica Incorporated #25. Nevada Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.41% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $1.4 million (out of $340.1 million disbursed to Nevada) – Per capita disbursement: $108 with $0.44 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $196.2 million to Nevada Affordable Housing Assistance Corporation You may also like: 50 car companies that no longer exist #24. Georgia Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.45% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $29.6 million (out of $6.7 billion disbursed to Georgia) – Per capita disbursement: $616 with $2.74 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $4.9 billion to SunTrust #23. Louisiana Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.50% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $2.7 million (out of $537.8 million disbursed to Louisiana) – Per capita disbursement: $116 with $0.58 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $300.0 million to Citizens Republic Bancorp #22. Colorado Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.73% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $5.3 million (out of $728.6 million disbursed to Colorado) – Per capita disbursement: $125 with $0.92 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $428.9 million to Specialized Loan Servicing LLC #21. Ohio Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.80% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $69.5 million (out of $8.7 billion disbursed to Ohio) – Per capita disbursement: $738 with $5.90 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $3.4 billion to Fifth Third Bancorp #20. Arizona Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 0.85% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $2.6 million (out of $309.3 million disbursed to Arizona) – Per capita disbursement: $43 with $0.36 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $296.1 million to Arizona (Home) Foreclosure Prevention Funding Corporation You may also like: Retirement scams to watch out for #19. California Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 1.09% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $362.8 million (out of $33.2 billion disbursed to California) – Per capita disbursement: $847 with $9.25 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $25.0 billion to JPMorgan Chase #18. New York Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 1.36% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $2.3 billion (out of $168.1 billion disbursed to New York) – Per capita disbursement: $8,473 with $115.26 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $67.8 billion to AIG #17. Florida Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 1.52% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $105.4 million (out of $6.9 billion disbursed to Florida) – Per capita disbursement: $318 with $4.84 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $5.0 billion to PHH Mortgage, a subsidiary of Ocwen Financial Corporation #16. Alabama Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 1.68% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $64.0 million (out of $3.8 billion disbursed to Alabama) – Per capita disbursement: $754 with $12.70 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $3.5 billion to Regions Financial Corp. #15. New Mexico Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 1.86% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $0.9 million (out of $48.1 million disbursed to New Mexico) – Per capita disbursement: $23 with $0.42 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $35.5 million to Trinity Capital Corporation You may also like: Cost of gold the year you were born #14. Tennessee Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 3.40% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $54.6 million (out of $1.6 billion disbursed to Tennessee) – Per capita disbursement: $230 with $7.83 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $866.5 million to First Horizon National #13. Wisconsin Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 4.64% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $116.7 million (out of $2.5 billion disbursed to Wisconsin) – Per capita disbursement: $427 with $19.80 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $1.7 billion to Marshall & Ilsley #12. Illinois Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 4.79% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $260.5 million (out of $5.4 billion disbursed to Illinois) – Per capita disbursement: $429 with $20.56 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $1.6 billion to Northern Trust #11. Oklahoma Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 5.05% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $18.1 million (out of $358.4 million disbursed to Oklahoma) – Per capita disbursement: $90 with $4.54 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $232.8 million to MidFirst Bank #10. Maryland Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 5.15% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $23.6 million (out of $458.7 million disbursed to Maryland) – Per capita disbursement: $74 with $3.83 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $151.5 million to Provident Bankshares Corp. You may also like: 25 richest families in America #9. Kentucky Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 6.74% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $38.9 million (out of $576.3 million disbursed to Kentucky) – Per capita disbursement: $128 with $8.62 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $200.3 million to U.S. Bank National Association #8. Indiana Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 9.16% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $87.3 million (out of $953.1 million disbursed to Indiana) – Per capita disbursement: $140 with $12.82 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $284.0 million to Indiana Housing and Community Development Authority #7. Arkansas Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 12.36% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $40.3 million (out of $326.2 million disbursed to Arkansas) – Per capita disbursement: $108 with $13.32 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $75.0 million to Bank of the Ozarks #6. Michigan Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 15.50% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $12.5 billion (out of $80.8 billion disbursed to Michigan) – Per capita disbursement: $8,038 with $1246.04 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $50.7 billion to General Motors #5. Missouri Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 16.46% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $272.2 million (out of $1.7 billion disbursed to Missouri) – Per capita disbursement: $268 with $44.12 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $781.7 million to CitiMortgage, Inc. You may also like: Iconic car debuts from the year you were born #4. South Carolina Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 20.49% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $223.7 million (out of $1.1 billion disbursed to South Carolina) – Per capita disbursement: $210 with $43.10 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $347.0 million to South Financial Group #3. Washington Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 21.47% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $212.5 million (out of $989.8 million disbursed to Washington) – Per capita disbursement: $128 with $27.46 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $303.0 million to Sterling Financial Corp #2. Idaho Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 22.69% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $14.1 million (out of $62.1 million disbursed to Idaho) – Per capita disbursement: $33 with $7.41 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $27.0 million to Intermountain Community Bancorp #1. Hawaii Canva – Percent of total disbursement unrepaid: 44.10% – Unrepaid bailout amount: $60.0 million (out of $136.0 million disbursed to Hawaii) – Per capita disbursement: $94 with $41.60 lost per capita – Single biggest loan: $135.0 million to Central Pacific Financial Corp